Archive for July, 2024

Revisiting Talisman animation format

Sunday, July 28th, 2024

Back in the day I wrote a bit about this format and since it’s rather interesting I decided to implement its support in my game tool.

Eventually I got it working except on two files that seem to have certain frame data unpacked incorrectly (it’s the feature that makes this format interesting in the first place—per-group order-1 Huffman coding). And for every file decoding seems to go past the data boundaries at the end so I insert some additional zeroes at the end of packed data to make it work (another fun fact – apparently last eight bytes of both opcode and colour parts of inter frame seems to be always unused). And it seems audio data is always coded as silence. The actual cutscenes do not make much sense either as it’s usually a static cartoon image superimposed over a 3D rendering of some lady in a tower-like structure (the game does not deserve any associations with Sierra titles so I’m not using other words to describe it). Sometimes her lips are moving (if you can notice it behind the other image), quite often they do not:

All in all, this is a rather weird format for a seemingly weird game but I don’t regret wasting time on implementing a decoder for it.

NihAV Game Tool: the official release

Sunday, July 21st, 2024

I’m finally proud not too ashamed to present a side project I’ve been wasting my time on.

The rationale behind it is simple: I sometimes write throwaway decoders in order to check if I understood format properly or if I really want to see the decoded content. Usually it’s written in C with the same code (usually for dumping output as PPM image sequence or reading 16-bit value) copied over and over again. So I thought to borrow bits from NihAV and finally make a framework for handling output creation and various utilities for handling input (e.g. reading integers of different size and endianness). It’s still better than doing nothing and it may be marginally useful to somebody else.

Not all of the included decoders are completely my own work, some come from ScummVM via the documentation I created for them on The Wiki (but sometimes with improvements, for example they don’t handle compressed sections in PMV) and AV format comes from the Lord of the Rings engine re-implementation (again, via The Wiki).

I should also mention a nasty surprise. Apparently when AVI streams are sufficiently de-synchronised (e.g. the format pre-buffers a second of audio before sending any video frames) libavformat AVI demuxer (which is used by a lot of multimedia tools nowadays) switches to a different mode and treats palette change chunks as normal video data (which works wonders of a stream of course; and apparently nobody had this problem since the time I introduced palette change support there about twenty years ago; also my own player is unaffected). So for such formats I had to introduce manual audio buffering (it’s not nice but the alternatives are worse).

And some words about the releases and release schedule. I don’t want to bother my friend who hosts the public NihAV repositories to add another one and I want to get involved with the usual platforms even less. As the result I’ll simply dump source tarballs with a brief changelog on the site. Releases should happen irregularly, when I accumulate, say, another dozen of formats or have other features implemented (like detecting format by regex instead of just by extension or OpenDML AVI support for being able to output annoyingly large files).

But for now the source code along with some formal Git history is available at a NihAV special page. Grab it while it’s not that stale.

Web of Bullshit

Tuesday, July 16th, 2024

I’d rather write about the current state of the world in general, how russians proved once again they don’t deserve to be called humans, how only an idiot would trust their word or believe they’re going to keep any agreement, how the general attitude of dealing with russia looks like somebody attempting to cure a disease so that the treatment does not cause any discomfort even if allows that disease to progress until it’s too late to cure it… But I’ve written all about it previously so I’ll write on a related but less crucial topic.

I ranted about the state of Firefox less than two weeks ago. And what do you know, version 128 proved out to be even worse with its attitude to the users. One could wonder how it can get worse but apparently Firefox CTO decided to give a public justification of their decision. So their answer to the war with the annoying advertisements is making sacrifices of the users’ liberties in hope that the aggressor will be satisfied with that (it always worked fine in the real world as can be seen by World War II and the ongoing World War III).

The sad thing is that the advertising is responsible for the current web of bullshit, here’s a short review.

John Wanamaker allegedly said “I am convinced that about one-half the money I spend for advertising is wasted, but I have never been able to decide which half.” It’s hard to disagree with it (except that the share of effective advertising feels much lower these days) and that’s the root of the current problems.

Considering that a lot of the first domains in the Web were belonging to the large companies no wonder ads were present there from the very beginning (a small example: one of the oldest pages on The Wayback Machine is for http://www.ads.digital.com). But the real boom of advertising started when lots of ordinary people started to frequent it and various companies felt that there are money to be made off that. Add rather unscrupulous website designers and you get the (first) dark ages of Internet: annoying Flash banners, pop-ups and pop-unders, blinking text and so on. There’s the first bullshit tendency for you—putting as many ads on a page as the browser can render. And coming with it the second bullshit tendency—inflating content for accommodating more ads. Well, if you give people a way to profit off advertisement placement somebody is going to abuse it to death.

And then somebody came with the main bullshit idea: advertising can be targeted! Theoretically if you know enough about the person (or at least its actions and habits) you can offer that person only the relevant ads thus making the success rate close to 100%. In practice it does not work because people do not work like this at all (banner blindness exists, people usually get too scared when their “smart” device starts recommending them something they talked about in its presence, many people really want different things from what they believe they want and so on; and that’s not counting how the common pattern for recommendations is “you bought an electric stove recently, that means you want to buy another electric stove”). And this bullshit stimulated the growth of privacy violations and social networks. But I repeat myself.

So that’s all fine for the ad networks who can feed this bullshit to the entities placing those ads (as well as another one that those ads will be shown only to the target groups selected by them). Now it was time for people trying to earn money from displaying those ads (voluntarily or not) to learn that earning much from those ads is bullshit. Advertising on streaming platforms gets more and more aggressive but looks like for the content creators the main revenue source is subscriptions and donations but never the share from the ads provided by the platform (partner deals to place specific ads directly in the video may be a different case, you should know those MMOs and VPN services by heart now). Small blogs also seem to live off subscriptions and donations with an occasional native advertisement.

But of course there must be people who decide to automate the process as much as possible to get those vanishingly small amounts of money per ad click for millions of clicks. That’s how we get bullshit generated just to lure people to click on the ads (still talking about the Web and not, say, mobile games BTW) and even bot networks to click ads on bot-generated pages that were placed by the ad-bots. Some call it the Dead Internet Theory, I called it right in the title.


But it’s not all that bad, sometimes things get better: browsers learned to block pop-ups even without a separate plug-in, Flash was killed (maybe because a certain guy could not control it on his phones, or it made them look under-performing—in either case they both are dead now), there are certain legal restrictions for advertising in the Internet even in the USA let alone EU and there are ad-blockers. The main disadvantage is that major browsers are controlled by the companies depending on ad revenue (and A**le, where ads are merely a part of iExperience), Mozilla joining them recently. So it’s natural for them to try offering more data to the advertisers and restrict ad-blockers as much as possible (does anybody believe that things like Manifest V3 have any different intent?). We see the first step done by Mozilla already, crippling uBlock Origin looks like a matter of time. At least it should help Ladybird, Servo and maybe some Firefox forks to develop faster.

A side project for NihAV

Sunday, July 7th, 2024

Since I still have nothing much to do (and messing with browsers is a bad idea unless the situation is desperate), I decided to make a NihAV-lite project. So announcing na_game_tool.

This is going to be a simple tool to convert various game and image formats (and related) into image sequence, WAV or raw AVI (which then can be played or processed with anything conventional). I’ve begun work on it already but the release will happen when at least when I implement all planned features (which is writing image sequence in BMP format, AVI output and porting two dozen of half-baked decoders I wrote to test if I understood the format).

Why a new project? Because I have nothing better to do, it still may be marginally useful for somebody (e.g. me) and I can do some stuff not fitting into NihAV (for example, decode 3DO version of TrueMotion video split into four files) and I don’t have to bother about other stuff that fits demuxer-decoder paradigm poorly and requires inventing ways to convey format-specific information from the demuxer to the decoder. In my case I simply feed the input name to the input plugin and it returns frames of decoded audio or video data. Some hypothetical Antons might ask a question how to deal with the formats that use variable delay in milliseconds between frames instead (and I’ve implemented one such format already). To which I can reply that one can fit a square peg in a round hole in two ways—by taking a larger hole or by applying more force. The former corresponds to having, say, fixed 1000fps rate and send mostly the same frames just to have constant rate; the latter is forcing a constant framerate and hoping for the best. I chose the latter.

The design is rather simple: there’s a list of input plugins and output plugins. Input plugin takes input name, opens whatever files it needs, outputs information about the streams and then decoded data. Output plugin takes input name, creates whatever files it needs, accepts stream information and then receives and writes frames.

Probably there’s a better alternative with librempeg but you’d better go read about it on Paul’s blog.

Suicide by thousand cuts

Friday, July 5th, 2024

Firefox has finally upgraded for me to the localhost version and apparently the developers (or rather some other “creative” people, I suspect) decided to make it more secure by being unusable.

The first thing I noticed is that the last tab refused to close and now you need to close the window—that’s annoying. Then I noticed that bookmarks have disappeared from the toolbar and no matter what you do you can only get an additional blank space shown—at least they’re still accessible through the menu. Then I noticed that downloads may run but they’re not reported—now that’s extremely annoying. And cherry on the top is that closed tabs cannot be restored and recent history remains blank—now that’s borderline unusable.

And apparently the reason is that I’m using the browser wrong. From what I read, they decided to “protect” user data by introducing a session password which you apparently need to enter at the each session start. And considering that I power off (most of) my computers at night and usually launch browser for a quick private session (usually to check news or search for something and not clutter my history with URLs from the search pages and bad results) that means unwanted annoyance many times a day. And of course since I had no reason to launch the browser in non-private mode for many months, the change went completely unnoticed (and when they got rid of XUL even I knew that in advance despite not following the news that much).

Unrequested changes (like changing GUI layout, adding Pocket and so on) build up annoyance and breaking things like this make me consider using another browser. For now I see no real alternative (maybe one of its forks is good without me knowing it, or Servo or Ladybird will become usable for my needs), so I simply downgraded to version 126 for time being and switched off auto-updating but I should use dillo and elinks more.

P.S. One of the reasons why I switched to my own video player was that the previous one I used also decided to “improve” user experience in suspiciously similar ways (by not doing what it did because you apparently don’t know what you’re doing and by interpreting things differently). I definitely don’t want to get into browser development (and I lack hardware for that too) but I need to consider that option…